This study investigated the associations between athletic and exercise identities and a range of disordered eating and exercise behaviors.
Study 1 (N?=?441; 53.5% female) included online questionnaires of athletic identity and disordered eating behaviors, anthropometrics, and demographic information. Study 2 (N?=?225; 50.2% female) added measures of exercise identity, exercise behaviors, and a broader measure of disordered eating behaviors. Multiple linear regressions were used to test hypotheses. Dominance analysis was used in Study 2 to determine the unique variance accounted for by each predictor.
Controlling for body mass index (BMI), age, and sex, athletic identity was not significantly associated with disordered eating in Study 1 (ps?&gt;?0.039) but was significantly associated with lower cognitive restraint in Study 2 (p?=?0.012). In Study 2, stronger exercise identity was significantly associated with more cognitive restraint (p?&lt;?0.001), more body dissatisfaction (p?=?0.016), more compulsive exercise (p?&lt;?0.001), and more positive and healthy exercise (p?&lt;?0.001), after controlling for BMI, age, sex, and athletic identity. Dominance analyses suggested that exercise identity was more strongly associated with these outcomes than athletic identity.
Exercise identity, but not athletic identity, may be an important risk factor for disordered eating and exercise behaviors in broad populations.
Level IV, results from uncontrolled trial.
Level IV, results from uncontrolled trial.In people with obesity, food addiction (FA) tends to be associated with poorer outcomes. Its diagnosis can be challenging in primary care. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ly3009120.html Based on the SCOFF example, we aim to determine whether a quicker and simpler screening tool for FA in people with obesity could be developed, using artificial intelligence (machine learning).
The first step was to look for the most discriminating items, among 152 different ones, to differentiate between FA-positive and FA-negative populations of patients with obesity. Items were ranked using the Fast Correlation-Based Filter (FCBF). Retained items were used to test the performance of nine different predictive algorithms. Then, the construction of a graphic tool was proposed.
Data were available for 176 patients. Only three items had a FCBF score?&gt;?0.1 "I eat to forget my problems"; "I eat more when I'm alone"; and "I eat sweets or comfort foods". Naive Bayes classification obtained best predictive performance. Then, we created a 3-item nomogram to predict a positive scoring on the YFAS.
A simple and fast screening tool for detecting high-disordered eating risk is proposed. The next step will be a validation study of the FAST nomogram to ensure its relevance for emotional eating diagnosis.
Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
NCT02857179 at clinicaltrials.gov.
NCT02857179 at clinicaltrials.gov.Although the role of illness perception in the clinical course of many physical diseases and certain mental disorders has been well described, little is known about illness perception in eating disorders (ED) so far. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to extend our understanding of illness perception in different ED diagnostic types and to explore its association between clinical, psychopathological, motivational, personality, and food addiction (FA) features.
The sample consisted of 104 patients with ED [(23 anorexia nervosa (AN), 39 bulimia nervosa (BN), 19 binge eating disorder (BED), and 23 other specified feeding and eating disorders (OSFED)]. Illness perception was assessed by means of the revised version of the Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R).
The results supported the association between illness perception and clinical, psychopathological, and personality factors. Patients with BN and BED showed greater illness perception than the other types. Improved illness perception was positively associated with a longer duration of the disorder and FA. Furthermore, a relevant finding suggests that at least half of the patients with ED did not achieve a good level of illness perception until after having the disorder for 20years on average.
Our findings suggest that higher levels of FA and longer duration of the ED are positively and directly associated with increased illness perception. This may explain the low levels of initial motivation in these patients and their high dropout rates in the early stages of treatment.
Case-controlanalytic study.
Case-control analytic study.This study aimed to determine the effects of selenium on the immune toxicity of subacute arsenic poisoning in chickens. Two hundred 8-day-old broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups the control group (0.1 mg/kg As + 0.2 mg/kg Se), the As group (3 mg/kg As + 0.2 mg/kg Se), As + Se group I (3 mg/kg As + 5 mg/kg Se), As + Se group II (3 mg/kg As + 10 mg/kg Se), and As + Se group III (3 mg/kg As + 15 mg/kg Se). The conclusions were drawn based on the following measurements 3.0 mg/kg added to feed led to a decrease in the growth performance of the broilers, reduced the level and conversion rate of ANAE, reduced the blood protein content of the broilers but had no effect on the albumin/globulin ratio, and had an inhibitory effect on erythrocyte immunity. Selenium-added of 5 and 10 mg/kg in daily feed leads to increased growth performance, increases the positive rate and conversion rate of ANAE, increases the hemoglobin content of broilers, and promotes erythrocyte immunity, which indicates that the selenium-added reduces the toxic effects of arsenic; 3.0 mg/kg arsenic with 15 mg/kg selenium had the most severe toxic effects. Fifteen milligrams per kilogram of selenium added in daily feed increases the toxicity of arsenic to broilers. The dose of 10 mg/kg selenium showed the best inhibitory effect on subacute arsenic poisoning in the broilers.Imbalances in trace element concentrations in the blood as a result of poor nutrition may affect the development of coronary heart disease. To study the relationship between zinc ion concentration in the peripheral blood and coronary heart disease, we performed multiple logistic regression and hierarchical analyses on blood measurements of 3541 patients. The experimental group comprised 1253 patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease, and the control group included 2288 healthy patients. The zinc ion concentrations were measured by a color rendering method, and the results were analyzed using SPSS software. Fifteen laboratory quality evaluation samples from the Clinical Laboratory Center of the Chinese Ministry of Health were selected for analysis. The mean values and average bias were calculated. The estimated qualified judgment standard was less then ?1/2 TEa (the allowable total error for zinc). A hierarchical analysis of risk factors, including smoking, age, sex, and menopause in women, was performed.